Fast Fluid Simulations with Sparse Volumes on the GPU

Kui Wu, Nghia Truong, Cem Yuksel, Rama Hoetzlein

We introduce efficient, large scale fluid simulation on GPU hardware using the fluid-implicit particle (FLIP) method over a sparse hierarchy of grids represented in NVIDIA GVDB Voxels. Our approach handles tens of millions of particles within a virtually unbounded simulation domain. We describe novel techniques for parallel sparse grid hierarchy construction and fast incremental updates on the GPU for moving particles. In addition, our FLIP technique introduces sparse, work efficient parallel data gathering from particle to voxel, and a matrix-free GPU-based conjugate gradient solver optimized for sparse grids. Our results show that our method can achieve up to an order of magnitude faster simulations on the GPU as compared to FLIP simulations running on the CPU.

Fast Fluid Simulations with Sparse Volumes on the GPU

Posted by christopherbatty on February 1st, 2018 | Comments Off on Fast Fluid Simulations with Sparse Volumes on the GPU Posted in Fluids

Eurographics 2018

Posted by christopherbatty on January 30th, 2018 | Comments Off on Eurographics 2018 Posted in Uncategorized

Direct Position-Based Solver for Stiff Rods

Crispin Deul, Tassilo Kugelstadt, Marcel Weiler, Jan Bender

In this paper, we present a novel direct solver for the efficient simulation of stiff, inextensible elastic rods within the Position-Based Dynamics (PBD) framework. It is based on the XPBD algorithm, which extends PBD to simulate elastic objects with physically meaningful material parameters. XPBD approximates an implicit Euler integration and solves the system of non-linear equations using a non-linear Gauss-Seidel solver. However, this solver requires many iterations to converge for complex models and if convergence is not reached, the material becomes too soft. In contrast we use Newton iterations in combination with our direct solver to solve the non-linear equations which significantly improves convergence by solving all constraints of an acyclic structure (tree), simultaneously. Our solver only requires a few Newton iterations to achieve high stiffness and inextensibility. We model inextensible rods and trees using rigid segments connected by constraints. Bending and twisting constraints are derived from the well-established Cosserat model. The high performance of our solver is demonstrated in highly realistic simulations of rods consisting of multiple ten-thousand segments. In summary, our method allows the efficient simulation of stiff rods in the Position-Based Dynamics framework with a speedup of two orders of magnitude compared to the original XPBD approach.

Direct Position-Based Solver for Stiff Rods

Posted by christopherbatty on January 30th, 2018 | Comments Off on Direct Position-Based Solver for Stiff Rods Posted in Hair/Rods/Rope, Rods

A Physically Consistent Implicit Viscosity Solver for SPH Fluids

Marcel Weiler, Dan Koschier, Magnus Brand, Jan Bender

In this paper, we present a novel physically consistent implicit solver for the simulation of highly viscous fluids using the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) formalism. Our method is the result of a theoretical and practical in-depth analysis of the most recent implicit SPH solvers for viscous materials. Based on our findings, we developed a list of requirements that are vital to produce a realistic motion of a viscous fluid. These essential requirements include momentum conservation, a physically meaningful behavior under temporal and spatial refinement, the absence of ghost forces induced by spurious viscosities and the ability to reproduce complex physical effects that can be observed in nature. On the basis of several theoretical analyses, quantitative academic comparisons and complex visual experiments we show that none of the recent approaches is able to satisfy all requirements. In contrast, our proposed method meets all demands and therefore produces realistic animations in highly complex scenarios. We demonstrate that our solver outperforms former approaches in terms of physical accuracy and memory consumption while it is comparable in terms of computational performance. In addition to the implicit viscosity solver, we present a method to simulate melting objects. Therefore, we generalize the viscosity model to a spatially varying viscosity field and provide an SPH discretization of the heat equation.

A Physically Consistent Implicit Viscosity Solver for SPH Fluids

Posted by christopherbatty on January 30th, 2018 | Comments Off on A Physically Consistent Implicit Viscosity Solver for SPH Fluids Posted in Fluids

Stable Neo-Hookean Flesh Simulation

Breannan Smith, Fernando de Goes, Theodore Kim

Non-linear hyperelastic energies play a key role in capturing the fleshy appearance of virtual characters. Real-world, volume-preserving biological tissues have Poisson’s ratios near 1/2, but numerical simulation within this regime is notoriously challenging. In order to robustly capture these visual characteristics, we present a novel version of Neo-Hookean elasticity. Our model maintains the fleshy appearance of the Neo-Hookean model, exhibits superior volume preservation, and is robust to extreme kinematic rotations and inversions. We obtain closed-form expressions for the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of all of the system’s components, which allows us to directly project the Hessian to semi-positive-definiteness, and also leads to insights into the numerical behavior of the material. These findings also inform the design of more sophisticated hyperelastic models, which we explore by applying our analysis to Fung and Arruda-Boyce elasticity. We provide extensive comparisons against existing material models.

Stable Neo-Hookean Flesh Simulation

Posted by christopherbatty on December 14th, 2017 | Comments Off on Stable Neo-Hookean Flesh Simulation Posted in Deformables

A Polynomial Particle-In-Cell Method

Chuyuan Fu, Qi Guo, Theodore Gast, Chenfanfu Jiang, Joseph Teran

Recently the Affine Particle-In-Cell (APIC) Method was proposed by Jiang et al.[2015; 2017b] to improve the accuracy of the transfers in Particle-In-Cell (PIC) [Harlow 1964] techniques by augmenting each particle with a locally
affine, rather than locally constant description of the velocity. This reduced the dissipation of the original PIC without suffering from the noise present in the historic alternative, Fluid-Implicit-Particle (FLIP) [Brackbill and Ruppel 1986]. We present a generalization of APIC by augmenting each particle with a more general local function. By viewing the grid-to-particle transfer as a linear and angular momentum conserving projection of the particle-wise local grid velocities onto a reduced basis, we greatly improve the energy and vorticity conservation over the original APIC. Furthermore, we show that the cost of the generalized projection is negligible over APIC when using a particular class of local polynomial functions. Lastly, we note that our method retains the filtering property of APIC and PIC and thus has similar robustness to noise.

A Polynomial Particle-In-Cell Method

Posted by christopherbatty on December 14th, 2017 | Comments Off on A Polynomial Particle-In-Cell Method Posted in Deformables, Fluids

A Unified Particle System Framework for Multi-Phase, Multi-Material Visual Simulations

Tao Yang, Jian Chang, Ming C. Lin, Ralph R. Martin, Jian J. Zhang, and Shi-Min Hu

We introduce a unified particle framework which integrates the phase-field method with multi-material simulation to allow modeling of both liquids and solids, as well as phase transitions between them. A simple elastoplastic model is used to capture the behavior of various kinds of solids, including deformable bodies, granular materials, and cohesive soils. States of matter or phases, particularly liquids and solids, are modeled using the nonconservative Allen-Cahn equation. In contrast, materials—made of different substances—are advected by the conservative Cahn-Hilliard equation. The distributions of phases and materials are represented by a phase variable and a concentration variable, respectively, allowing us to represent commonly observed fluid-solid interactions. Our multi-phase, multi-material system is governed by a unified Helmholtz free energy density. This framework provides the first method in computer graphics capable of modeling a continuous interface between phases. It is versatile and can be readily used in many scenarios that are challenging to simulate. Examples are provided to demonstrate the capabilities and effectiveness of this approach.

A Unified Particle System Framework for Multi-Phase, Multi-Material Visual Simulations

Posted by christopherbatty on October 30th, 2017 | Comments Off on A Unified Particle System Framework for Multi-Phase, Multi-Material Visual Simulations Posted in Deformables, Fluids

A Hyperbolic Geometric Flow for Evolving Films and Foams

Sadashige Ishida, Masafumi Yamamoto, Ryoichi Ando, Toshiya Hachisuka

Simulating the behavior of soap films and foams is a challenging task. A direct numerical simulation of films and foams via the Navier-Stokes equations is still computationally too expensive. We propose an alternative formulation inspired by geometric flow. Our model exploits the fact, according to Plateau’s laws, that the steady state of a film is a union of constant mean curvature surfaces and minimal surfaces. Such surfaces are also well known as the steady state solutions of certain curvature flows. We show a link between the Navier-Stokes equations and a recent variant of mean curvature flow, called hyperbolic mean curvature flow, under the assumption of constant air pressure per enclosed region. We thus introduce hyperbolic mean curvature flow to describe film dynamics. Instead of using hyperbolic mean curvature flow as is, we propose to replace curvature by the gradient of the surface area functional. This formulation enables us to robustly handle non-manifold configurations; such junctions connecting multiple films are intractable with the traditional formulation using curvature. We also add explicit volume preservation to hyperbolic mean curvature flow, which in fact corresponds to the pressure term of the Navier-Stokes equations. Our method is simple, fast, robust, and consistent with Plateau’s laws, which are all due to our reformulation of film dynamics as a geometric flow.

A Hyperbolic Geometric Flow for Evolving Films and Foams

Posted by christopherbatty on September 26th, 2017 | Comments Off on A Hyperbolic Geometric Flow for Evolving Films and Foams Posted in Deformables, Fluids

An Adaptive Generalized Interpolation Material Point Method for Simulating Elastoplastic Materials

Ming Gao, Andre Pradhana Tampubulon, Chenfanfu Jiang, Eftychios Sifakis

We present an adaptive Generalized Interpolation Material Point (GIMP) method for simulating elastoplastic materials. Our approach allows adaptive refining and coarsening of different regions of the material, leading to an efficient MPM solver that concentrates most of the computation resources in specific regions of interest. We propose a C1 continuous adaptive basis function that satisfies the partition of unity property and remains nonnegative throughout the computational domain. We develop a practical strategy for particle-grid transfers that leverages the recently introduced SPGrid data structure for storing sparse multi-layered grids. We demonstrate the robustness and efficiency of our method on the simulation of various elastic and plastic materials. We also compare key kernel components to uniform grid MPM solvers to highlight performance benefits of our method.

An Adaptive Generalized Interpolation Material Point Method for Simulating Elastoplastic Materials

Posted by christopherbatty on September 22nd, 2017 | Comments Off on An Adaptive Generalized Interpolation Material Point Method for Simulating Elastoplastic Materials Posted in Collisions, Deformables, Fluids

Physically-Based Droplet Interaction

Richard Jones, Richard Southern

In this paper we present a physically-based model for simulating realistic interactions between liquid droplets in an efficient manner. Our particle-based system recreates the coalescence, separation and fragmentation interactions that occur between colliding liquid droplets and allows systems of droplets to be meaningfully repre- sented by an equivalent number of simulated particles. By consid- ering the interactions specific to liquid droplet phenomena directly, we display novel levels of detail that cannot be captured using other interaction models at a similar scale. Our work combines experi- mentally validated components, originating in engineering, with a collection of novel modifications to create a particle-based interac- tion model for use in the development of mid-to-large scale droplet- based liquid spray effects. We demonstrate this model, alongside a size-dependent drag force, as an extension to a commonly-used ballistic particle system and show how the introduction of these interactions improves the quality and variety of results possible in recreating liquid droplets and sprays, even using these otherwise simple systems.

Physically-Based Droplet Interaction

Posted by christopherbatty on September 19th, 2017 | Comments Off on Physically-Based Droplet Interaction Posted in Collisions, Deformables, Fluids
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